{"id":2449,"date":"2021-05-10T06:13:22","date_gmt":"2021-05-10T06:13:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/3.35.173.53\/?p=2449"},"modified":"2021-05-10T06:13:22","modified_gmt":"2021-05-10T06:13:22","slug":"tversky-a-kahneman-d-1974-judgment-under-uncertainty-heuristics-and-biases-science-1854157-1124-1131","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.happyfinder.co.kr\/?p=2449","title":{"rendered":"Tversky, A., &#038;Kahneman, D. (1974). Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases. science, 185(4157), 1124-1131."},"content":{"rendered":"<p>This article described three heuristics that are employed in making judgements under uncertainty: (i) representativeness, which is usually employed when people are asked to judge the probability that an object or event A belongs to class or process B; (ii) availability of instances or scenarios, which is often employed when people are asked to assess the frequency of a class or the plausibility of a particular development; and (iii) adjustment from an anchor, which is usually employed in numerical prediction when a relevant value is available. These heuristics are highly economical and usually effective, but they lead to systematic and predictable errors. A better understanding of these heuristics and of the biases to which they lead could improve judgements and decisions in situations of uncertainty.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><!--StartFragment--><\/p>\n<p class=\"0\" style=\"background: rgb(255, 255, 255); mso-pagination: none; mso-padding-alt: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"background: rgb(255, 255, 255); letter-spacing: 0pt; font-family: Times New Roman; mso-fareast-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-font-width: 100%; mso-text-raise: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman;\">Tversky, A., &amp;Kahneman, D. (1974). Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases. <\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"background: rgb(255, 255, 255); letter-spacing: 0pt; font-family: Times New Roman; font-style: italic; mso-fareast-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-font-width: 100%; mso-text-raise: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman;\">science, 185<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"background: rgb(255, 255, 255); letter-spacing: 0pt; font-family: Times New Roman; mso-fareast-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-font-width: 100%; mso-text-raise: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman;\">(4157), 1124-1131.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"0\" style=\"background: rgb(255, 255, 255); mso-pagination: none; mso-padding-alt: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"background: rgb(255, 255, 255); letter-spacing: 0pt; font-family: Times New Roman; mso-fareast-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-font-width: 100%; mso-text-raise: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman;\">DOI: 10.1126\/science.185.4157.1124 <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"0\" style=\"background: rgb(255, 255, 255); mso-pagination: none; mso-padding-alt: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"background: rgb(255, 255, 255); letter-spacing: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: \ud568\ucd08\ub86c\ubc14\ud0d5; mso-font-width: 100%; mso-text-raise: 0pt;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"0\" style=\"background: rgb(255, 255, 255); mso-pagination: none; mso-padding-alt: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt;\">  <!--[if !supportEmptyParas]-->&nbsp;<!--[endif]-->  <o:p><\/o:p><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This article described three heuristics that are employed in making judgements under uncertainty: (i) representativeness, which is usually employed when people are asked to judge the probability that an object or event A belongs to class or process B; (ii) availability of instances or scenarios, which is often employed when people are asked to assess [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_override_counter":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,15],"tags":[185,127],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.happyfinder.co.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2449"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.happyfinder.co.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.happyfinder.co.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.happyfinder.co.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.happyfinder.co.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2449"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.happyfinder.co.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2449\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2450,"href":"https:\/\/www.happyfinder.co.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2449\/revisions\/2450"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.happyfinder.co.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2449"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.happyfinder.co.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2449"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.happyfinder.co.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2449"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}