House, R. J., Spangler, W. D., &Woycke, J. (1991). Personality and charisma in the US presidency: A psychological theory of leader effectiveness.

A general model relating leader motives, charisma and performance was developed and tested with data on American presidents. Presidential motives and charisma together accounted for 37 percent of overall presidential performance, 41 percent of presidential economic performance, and 45 percent of presidential domestic social performance.       House, R. J., Spangler, W. D., & …

Levine, K. J., Muenchen, R. A., &Brooks, A. M. (2010). Measuring transformational and charismatic leadership: Why isn& #39;t charisma measured?.

The literature on both the Transformational and Charismatic theories of leadership espouse the importance of communication as part of the leadership phenomena. However, the existing measurement scales (The Multidimensional Leadership Questionnaire, the Conger–Kanungo Charisma Scale, the Followership Scale and the Romance of Leadership Scale) that are used to assess both the Transformational and Charismatic Theories …